Nepal Structure
1. Himalayan Region (Northern Nepal)
- Covers about 15% of Nepal’s total land area
- Home to the world’s highest peaks, including Mount Everest (8,848.86m)
- Cold climate with snow-covered mountains and glaciers
- Sparse population, mainly Sherpas, Thakalis, and Tibetans
- Limited agriculture due to extreme altitude, but yak herding and tourism (trekking, mountaineering) are common
Hilly Region (Middle Nepal)
- Covers about 68% of the land area
- Elevation ranges from 600m to 4,000m
- Includes Kathmandu Valley, Nepal’s political and economic hub
- Moderate climate, with terraced farming for rice, maize, and millet
- Home to diverse ethnic groups like Brahmins, Chhetris, Gurungs, Magars, and Newars
- Major rivers originate from the Himalayas and flow southward
3. Terai Region (Southern Nepal)
- Covers about 17% of Nepal’s total land area
- Lowland plains with fertile soil, making it Nepal’s agricultural hub
- Hot and humid climate, with major crops like rice, wheat, and sugarcane
- Dense forests in national parks (e.g., Chitwan, Bardiya) with diverse wildlife like tigers, rhinos, and elephants
- Most industrial activities and trade centers are located here, with cities like Biratnagar, Janakpur, and Nepalgunj
Foods/People/Culture
Foods you must try
- Dal Bhat (Lentil Soup & Rice)
- Momo (Dumplings)
- Sel Roti (Rice Doughnut)
- Newari Cuisine (Yomari, Chatamari, Samay Baji)
- Dhido & Gundruk (Traditional Thakali & Rural Food)
- Thakali Set (Authentic Himalayan Meal)
- Sukuti (Dried Meat)
- Juju Dhau (King Curd)
- Chhurpi (Hardened Yak Cheese)
- Tongba (Millet Beer)
People
Nepali people are known for their hospitality, resilience, and cultural diversity, with over 125 ethnic groups and 120 languages, including Hinduism, Buddhism, and other beliefs. Major ethnic groups like Bahun, Chhetri, Newars, Sherpas, Magars, Gurungs, Tamangs, Tharus, and Madhesi coexist harmoniously. Nepali is the official language, but many speak multiple languages, including Maithili, Bhojpuri, and Tamang. Their strong spiritual roots are reflected in religious practices, festivals like Dashain, Tihar, Holi, and community bonding. Nepali people value simple living, with agriculture as the main occupation in rural areas and business, trade, and tourism in urban regions. Many contribute globally through migration, military service, and remittances, helping Nepal’s economy. Their blend of tradition and modernity, hard work, and friendliness make them unique.
Culture you must experiences
- Dashain & Tihar Festivals
- Holi (Festival of Colors)
- Bisket Jatra (New Year Festival in Bhaktapur)
- Teej Festival
- Indra Jatra
- Gai Jatra
- Newari Feasts (Samay Baji & Yomari Punhi)
- Gurkha Culture & History
- Tharu Culture in Chitwan
- Kumari – The Living Goddess
Top Destination to visit
- Kathmandu Valley – (Hilly, Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, Lalitpur) – Cultural & Religious Heritage
- Pokhara – (Hilly, Kaski) – Scenic & Adventure Hub
- Everest Base Camp – (Mountain, Solukhumbu) – Trekking & Mountaineering
- Annapurna Circuit & Base Camp – (Mountain, Manang & Kaski) – Trekking & Adventure
- Lumbini – (Terai, Rupandehi) – Religious (Birthplace of Buddha)
- Chitwan National Park – (Terai, Chitwan) – Wildlife & Jungle Safari
- Langtang Valley – (Mountain, Rasuwa) – Trekking & Natural Beauty
- Rara Lake – (Mountain, Mugu) – Scenic & Remote Natural Beauty
- Ilam – (Hilly, Ilam) – Tea Gardens & Nature
- Upper Mustang – (Mountain, Mustang) – Trekking & Tibetan Culture
- Gosaikunda Lake – (Mountain, Rasuwa) – Religious & Trekking Destination
- Tilicho Lake – (Mountain, Manang) – High-Altitude Lake & Trekking
- Bardiya National Park – (Terai, Bardiya) – Wildlife & Jungle Safari
- Pathibhara Temple – (Mountain, Taplejung) – Religious Hindu Pilgrimage
- Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve – (Terai, Sunsari) – Bird Watching & Wildlife
- Janakpur – (Terai, Dhanusha) – Religious (Janaki Temple, Ramayan Connection)
- Shey Phoksundo Lake – (Mountain, Dolpa) – Scenic & Remote Natural Beauty
- Tansen – (Hilly, Palpa) – Historical & Cultural Town
- Gorkha Durbar – (Hilly, Gorkha) – Historical (Palace of Prithvi Narayan Shah)
- Manaslu Circuit – (Mountain, Gorkha) – Trekking & Adventure
Adventure sports to do
- Mountaineering ,Treakking
- White-Water Rafting & Kayaking
- Paragliding,Bungee Jumping,Zip Lining
- Skydiving,Rock Climbing,Canoying
- Mountain Biking,Jungle Safari,Skiing
- Hot Air Ballooning
Internet and Communication in nepal
Internet and Communication in Nepal for Tourists
When tourists arrive in Nepal, they can connect to free Wi-Fi at the airport and in most hotels.
There are two major telecom companies in Nepal: Ncell and Nepal Telecom (NTC). Tourists can buy a SIM card by providing a passport photocopy and paying a fee of approximately NPR 150–200.
How to Activate and Use Mobile Data
- Buy a recharge card from any mobile shop.
- Scratch the card to reveal the recharge code.
- Follow the instructions on the back of the card to top up your balance.
For Nepal Telecom (NTC):
- To buy a data pack, *dial 1415# and follow the instructions.
- To check your balance, dial *400#.
For Ncell:
- To buy a data pack, dial *17123#.
- To check your balance, dial *901#.
Where to Get a SIM Card
SIM cards are available in almost all mobile shops across Nepal, making it easy to purchase one upon arrival.
Internet & Connectivity
- Free Wi-Fi is available in most hotels, restaurants, and cafes.
- Urban areas generally have fast and stable internet, but rural areas may experience slow or limited connectivity due to Nepal’s developing infrastructure.
- International roaming is expensive, so using a local SIM is the most cost-effective option.
Emergency Communication
- Public telephones are rare, as most people use mobile phones.
- In remote trekking areas, hotels and trekking agencies provide radio or satellite phones for emergency communication.
Banking ,Atm,Money
The official currency of Nepal is Nepalese Rupee. There aremanynational banks throughout the nation that providemoney exchange facilities. However, it is best that you exchange your currencyin Kathmandu at national banks and authorized money exchangers. Likewise, ATM facility is available in most of the parts of the country. You can obtain 24-hour ATM service throughout the country. Some of the major cities like Kathmandu, Pokhara, and Chitwan also facilitate the use of international credit cards (visa & master cards). On the trips around the country, you can easily find banks and ATM’s which provide money transaction-related services. Although such services are entertained, it is best to carry cash as it is the most preferred and easy way to perform money-related transactions.
Security and Saftey
Although Nepal is considered one of the most exotic destinations to travel around the world yet, this question of safety and security during travel is bound to trouble. Yes, Nepal is safe and secure to travel. The cities, towns and tourist destinations of Nepal are highly secured by the armed police force of the country. The cases of theft and robbery are rare. Likewise, if you are planning to experience trekking in Nepal, make sure you book your trip viagovernment authorized and experienced trekking agency to have a hassle-free journey. However, it is always wise to keep certain things into consideration. Do keep your belongings under close supervision; use only authorized centers to get health, money-exchange, travel, and any other services, and respect the local culture.If done so you are guaranteed to have sound travel.
Dial these numbers for Emergency contacts: police=100
ambulance:102
Tourist police :1144
1. Domestic Flights
- Best for long-distance travel to remote areas like Lukla (Everest region), Pokhara, and Jomsom.
- Operated by airlines such as Yeti Airlines, Buddha Air, and Tara Air.
- Weather conditions often cause flight delays or cancellations.
2. Tourist Buses & Local Buses
- Tourist buses run on popular routes like Kathmandu to Pokhara and Chitwan, offering comfortable seats and A/C.
- Local buses are budget-friendly but often crowded and slow.
3. Microbuses & Jeeps
- Microbuses are faster than local buses and operate in cities and intercity routes.
- Jeeps are used for rough, off-road travel in places like Rara, Upper Mustang, and Dolpa.
4. Taxis & Ride-Sharing
- Taxis are available in cities, but always negotiate the fare or ask for a meter.
- Ride-sharing apps like Pathao and Indrive are available in Kathmandu and Pokhara.
5. Rickshaws & Tempos
- Cycle rickshaws operate in Kathmandu for short distances.
- Electric tempos (Safa Tempos) are a cheap and eco-friendly option.
6. Motorbikes & Scooters
- Tourists can rent motorbikes or scooters in cities like Kathmandu and Pokhara for flexible travel.
- Requires an international driving permit and caution due to traffic conditions.
7. Rental Cars & Private Vehicles
- Rental cars with drivers are available for private tours.
- Self-driving is not common due to chaotic traffic and road conditions.
8. Cycling & Walking
- Bicycles can be rented in tourist areas for exploring cities and trails.
- Walking is the best way to explore heritage sites, markets, and trekking trails.
Important Tips
- Road conditions vary; highways are often bumpy, and mountain roads can be dangerous.
- Traffic congestion is common in Kathmandu.
- Always check weather conditions before booking flights to remote areas.
